Summary

What can we learn from global best practice to guide us in designing a healthcare system from maternal & newborn healthcare in Africa ?

Designing the Best Maternal and Newborn Healthcare System for Africa:

Lessons from Global Best Practices

Africa faces unique challenges in delivering maternal and newborn healthcare, including limited infrastructure, financial constraints, and high disease burdens.

However, by learning from global best practices and tailoring these insights to African contexts, we can design a system that is both high-quality and cost-efficient.

Lessons from countries such as Sri Lanka, Cuba, and China, alongside innovations from the first world, provide a wealth of strategies to consider.

Lessons from Low-Income & Middle-Income Countries

Sri Lanka:
Community-Based Care and Equity

Sri Lanka has achieved remarkable success in reducing maternal and newborn mortality rates through a community-based healthcare model. Key strategies include:

  • Strong Primary Care System: Sri Lanka invests heavily in primary care facilities that are geographically accessible, ensuring rural populations are not left behind.
  • Community Health Workers: Trained midwives and community health workers deliver antenatal care, postnatal follow-ups, and health education at the local level.
  • Government Commitment to Equity: Healthcare is free at the point of delivery, ensuring financial barriers do not prevent access to care.

African healthcare systems can replicate these strategies by decentralizing services, training midwives, and prioritizing equitable access to care for rural populations.

Cuba:
Preventive and Integrated Healthcare

Cuba’s healthcare model emphasizes prevention and integration, achieving high outcomes despite limited resources:

  • Integration of Services: Maternal and newborn care are seamlessly integrated with broader public health initiatives, ensuring continuity of care.
  • Focus on Prevention: Early detection of pregnancy complications and robust immunization programs reduce risks for mothers and newborns.
  • Community Involvement: Local clinics are embedded in communities, fostering trust and accessibility.

Africa can adopt Cuba’s model by emphasizing preventive care, integrating maternal health with other public health efforts, and strengthening community health systems.

China:
Scaling Up Universal Coverage

China has achieved significant reductions in maternal mortality by expanding access to care and investing in large-scale public health programs:

  • Universal Health Coverage (UHC): Subsidies for maternal care ensure affordability, even for the poorest.
  • Training Healthcare Workers: A systematic approach to training ensures an adequate supply of skilled personnel for maternal and newborn care.
  • Data-Driven Decision-Making: China’s use of health data to monitor and improve services provides a model for Africa’s digital health strategies.

By focusing on UHC, workforce training, and leveraging data for decision-making, African nations can strengthen their maternal health systems.

Innovations from High-Income Countries

Karolinska Institute:
Patient-Centered Pathways

The Karolinska Institute in Sweden has shifted toward patient-centered care pathways that optimize efficiency and outcomes. This approach includes:

  • Streamlined Processes: Ensuring that care is delivered in an integrated manner, reducing delays and duplication.
  • Individualized Care Plans: Tailoring services to meet the specific needs of each mother and newborn.

Implementing patient-centered pathways in Africa could improve the quality of care and enhance patient satisfaction while maximizing resource utilization.

Mayo Clinic:
Investment in IT

The Mayo Clinic’s advanced IT infrastructure supports efficient care delivery and enhances decision-making:

  • Electronic Health Records (EHRs): Comprehensive records improve coordination and continuity of care.
  • Decision-Support Tools: AI and analytics help clinicians identify risks and optimize treatment plans.

African healthcare systems can benefit from investing in affordable IT solutions, such as mobile health platforms, to bridge gaps in data management and care coordination.

Israel:
Technology and Primary Care

Israel’s combination of technological innovation and strong primary care networks offers valuable lessons:

  • Telemedicine: Extending specialist services to rural areas through digital platforms.
  • Emphasis on Primary Care: Strengthening the primary care system to serve as the backbone of maternal and newborn healthcare.

Africa can emulate Israel’s approach by adopting telemedicine and reinforcing primary care to reach underserved populations.

Value-Based Care

Value-based care models, which focus on outcomes rather than service volume, have gained traction in many high-income countries. Benefits include:

  • Cost-Efficiency: Resources are allocated to interventions that demonstrate measurable improvements in health outcomes.
  • Accountability: Providers are incentivized to deliver high-quality, effective care.

By adopting value-based care principles, African healthcare systems can ensure that investments deliver maximum impact for mothers and newborns.

Singapore:
Digital Health Investments

Singapore’s focus on digital health offers a roadmap for leveraging technology to improve maternal and newborn care:

  • Health Apps: Empowering patients with tools for tracking pregnancies and accessing health information.
  • Data Integration: Centralized health data systems streamline care delivery and policy planning.

Africa can replicate Singapore’s success by investing in scalable digital health solutions that enhance both patient engagement and system efficiency.

Empowering Families with Choice & Information

Evidence suggests that empowering families and giving them choice, as well as access to reliable, digestible outcome and cost data, significantly improves healthcare outcomes. Key strategies include:

  • Shared Decision-Making: Encouraging collaboration between families and healthcare providers to select care pathways that align with individual preferences and needs.
  • Transparent Data: Providing families with clear, easily understandable information about healthcare outcomes and costs helps them make informed decisions.
  • Enhanced Trust and Engagement: Empowered families are more likely to engage with healthcare systems and adhere to recommended care plans.

Integrating these approaches into Africa’s maternal and newborn healthcare systems can foster greater trust, improve patient satisfaction, and ultimately lead to better outcomes for mothers and newborns.

Conclusion

Designing a maternal and newborn healthcare system for Africa requires a multi-faceted approach that draws on global best practices.

By adopting community-based care models like those in Sri Lanka, focusing on prevention and integration as seen in Cuba, and scaling up universal coverage like China, Africa can address the fundamental challenges of accessibility and equity.

Simultaneously, incorporating innovations from high-income countries—such as patient-centered pathways, IT investments, value-based care, and family empowerment—can ensure the system is efficient, sustainable, and future-ready.

Ultimately, the key to success lies in adapting these lessons to local contexts, leveraging Africa’s unique strengths, and committing to a vision of healthcare that prioritizes the well-being of every mother and newborn.